【AI前沿】Pompeii victim ID'd as a likely doctor

from the garden of fugitivesPompeii victim ID’d as a likely doctorNew X-rays and CT scans showed small case with locking mechanism containing metal instruments.Jennifer Ouellette–May 18, 2026 2:03 pm|12Credit:

      Pompeii Archaeological ParkCredit:

      Pompeii Archaeological ParkText
    settingsStory textSizeSmallStandardLargeWidth*StandardWideLinksStandardOrange* Subscribers onlyLearn moreMinimize to navArchaeologists used a combination of advanced CT scans and 3D digital reconstruction to identify one of the Pompeii victims who died in 79 CE during the eruption of Mount Vesuvius as most likely having been a Roman doctor, according toan announcementby the Pompeii Archaeological Park.Aspreviously reported, the eruption of Mount Vesuvius released thermal energy roughly equivalent to 100,000 times the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II, spewing molten rock, pumice, and hot ash over the cities of Pompeii andHerculaneumin particular. The vast majority of people in Pompeii and Herculaneum—the cities hardest hit—perished from asphyxiation, choking on the thick clouds of noxious gas and ash. But at least some of the Vesuvian victimsprobably died instantaneouslyfrom the intense heat of fast-moving pyroclastic flows, with temperatures high enough to boil brains and explode skulls.In the 19th century, an archaeologist named Giuseppe Fiorelli figured out how to make casts of those frozen bodies by pouring liquid plaster into the voids where the soft tissue had been. Some 1,000 bodies have been discovered in the ruins, and 104 plaster casts have been preserved.Restoration effortson 86 of those casts began about 10 years ago, during which researchers took CT scans and X-rays to determine whether complete skeletons were present.The CT scans and X-ray images revealed that there had been a great deal of manipulation of the casts, depending on the aesthetics of the era in which they were made, including altering some features of the bodies’ shapes or adding metal rods to stabilize the cast, as well as frequently removing bones before casting. Ancient DNA analysisin 2024of four victims found in what is known as the “House of the golden bracelet”revealed thatall four bodies were male and none were genetically related—challenging the pre-existing preferred narratives and suggesting those may reflect certain cultural biases.The small case linked to the Roman physician found inside the Pompeii cast.Credit:
                                  Pompeii Archaeological ParkThe small case linked to the Roman physician found inside the Pompeii cast.Credit:

      Pompeii Archaeological ParkThis latest discovery involves one of the plaster cast remains of 14 victims found in what is now known as theGarden of the Fugitives, who died when they were overtaken by the pyroclastic flow while trying to flee via the Nocera Gate. Pompeii superintendent Medeo Maiuri excavated the victims in 1961, originally found in three smaller groups, although today the plaster casts are displayed in a line.Maiuri published a fanciful, largely fictional account of who he believed those bodies to be in National Geographic that same year: a merchant with severe osteoarthritis; a mother and her two young children; a young couple with an infant daughter; and a servant with what appeared to be a shoulder bag, although the “bag” later turned out to just be a malformation in the plaster.For decades, archaeologists had overlooked a small object trapped within another of the plaster casts that had been kept in storage for decades at the archaeological park. The new analysis with X-ray imaging and CT scans revealed that it was a small case with parts made out of metal—specifically, a toothed wheel operating a locking system. The case contained a coin-filled fabric pouch and several metal instruments similar to what a Roman physician (medicus) might have used, leading the team to conclude the man had likely been a doctor, fleeing Pompeii with his instruments close at hand.Jennifer OuelletteSenior WriterJennifer OuelletteSenior WriterJennifer is a senior writer at Ars Technica with a particular focus on where science meets culture, covering everything from physics and related interdisciplinary topics to her favorite films and TV series. Jennifer lives in Baltimore with her spouse, physicist Sean M. Carroll, and their two cats, Ariel and Caliban.12 Comments